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Excel VBA - Basics videos | Excel VBA Part 17 - For Each Loops

Posted by Andrew Gould on 10 February 2014

Excel VBA Part 17 - For Each Loops

A For Each Loop is used to loop over a collection of objects and there are lots of good reasons for wanting to do that in Excel VBA! This video takes you from the basics of the For Each Next statement and using object variables through several examples of looping over worksheets, workbooks, chartobjects and cells and, finally, into writing nested loops for even more power.

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From:	duggie
When:	22 Apr 20 at 11:05

Reply to duggie

Can you tell me what is the syntax in a For Each Loop?

My understanding is For Each x In y, x has to be either: 1. Variant, 2. Generic Object or 3. Specific Object

Does x also have to be of the same type as y?

From:	Andrew G
When:	22 Apr 20 at 16:15

Reply to Andrew G

Hi duggie,

If you're ever in doubt with syntax you can check the Microsoft documentation https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/office/vba/language/reference/user-interface-help/for-eachnext-statement

If x is a Specific Object, its type should match the type of the items in y.

From:	duggie
When:	23 Apr 20 at 09:37

Reply to duggie

Andrew,

Thanks for the clarification. The reason for asking is I am puzzled by the more complicated example as follows:

This is in a standard module:

Option Explicit

Sub TestCollectionObject()
    Dim rg As Range
Dim objLoans As Collection
Dim objLoan As Loan

Set rg = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Loans").Range("LoanListStart").Offset(1, 0)

' get the collection of loan objects

Set objLoans = CollectLoanObjects(rg)

Debug.Print "There are " & objLoans.Count & " loans."

' iterate through each loan

For Each objLoan In objLoans

Debug.Print "Loan Number " & objLoan.LoanNumber & " has a payment of " & Format(objLoan.Payment, "Currency")

Next

Set objLoans = Nothing
Set objLoan = Nothing
    Set rg = Nothing
End Sub
Function CollectLoanObjects(rg As Range) As Collection

Dim objLoan As Loan
Dim objLoans As Collection

Set objLoans = New Collection

' loop until we find an empty row

Do Until IsEmpty(rg)

Set objLoan = New Loan

With objLoan

.LoanNumber = rg.Value
.Term = rg.Offset(0, 1).Value
.InterestRate = rg.Offset(0, 2).Value
.PrincipalAmount = rg.Offset(0, 3).Value

End With

' add the current loan to the collection

objLoans.Add objLoan, CStr(objLoan.LoanNumber)

' move to next row

Set rg = rg.Offset(1, 0)

Loop

Set objLoan = Nothing
Set CollectLoanObjects = objLoans
    Set objLoans = Nothing
End Function

This is in a class called Loan:

Option Explicit
' private class variables to hold property values

Dim mvPrincipalAmount As Variant
Dim mvInterestRate As Variant
Dim mvLoanNumber As Variant
Dim mvTerm As Variant

Private Sub Class_Initialize()
' set default principal amount to 0

mvPrincipalAmount = 0

' set default interest rate to 8% annually

mvInterestRate = 0.08

' set loan number to 0

mvLoanNumber = 0

' set term to 0

mvLoanNumber = 0

End Sub
Public Property Get PrincipalAmount() As Variant
PrincipalAmount = mvPrincipalAmount

End Property
Public Property Let PrincipalAmount(ByVal vNewValue As Variant)

mvPrincipalAmount = vNewValue

End Property
Public Property Get InterestRate() As Variant

InterestRate = mvInterestRate

End Property
Public Property Let InterestRate(ByVal vNewValue As Variant)

mvInterestRate = vNewValue

End Property
Public Property Get LoanNumber() As Variant

LoanNumber = mvLoanNumber

End Property
Public Property Let LoanNumber(ByVal vNewValue As Variant)

mvLoanNumber = vNewValue

End Property
Public Property Get Term() As Variant
Term = mvTerm

End Property
Public Property Let Term(ByVal vNewValue As Variant)
mvTerm = vNewValue

End Property
Public Property Get Payment() As Variant

Payment = Application.WorksheetFunction.Pmt(mvInterestRate / 12, mvTerm, -mvPrincipalAmount)

End Property

The line that troubles me is this:

For Each objLoan In objLoans

because objLoan is declared As Loan but objLoans is declared As Collection.

Am I correct in saying because objLoans is a Collection where the Collection is a collection of the object Loans, therefore it is as you put it "of the same type"?

From:	Andrew G
When:	23 Apr 20 at 18:50

Reply to Andrew G

The CollectObjectLoans function adds objects of the type Loan to a Collection and returns this collection to the calling code.

This means that the type of x is Loan and the type of each object in y is also Loan.

From:	Costas
When:	03 May 17 at 16:20

Reply to Costas

Hi,

Since I am new in VBA, I would appreciate your assistance. As in your video example, I am trying to loop through each worksheet and each cell in a range of cells by using nested For Each....Next loops. What is wrong with the "SingleWorksheet.ListOfCells" line in the code below?

Sub ForEachSelect()

Dim SingleWorksheet As Worksheet
Dim SingleCell As Range
Dim ListOfCells As Range

Set ListOfCells = Range("a1", Range("a1").End(xlDown))

For Each SingleWorksheet In Worksheets
For Each SingleCell In SingleWorksheet.ListOfCells
SingleCell.Select
Next SingleCell
Next SingleWorksheet
End Sub

Thanks in advance for the help.

From:	Andrew G
When:	04 May 17 at 07:21

Reply to Andrew G

Hi, the problem is that ListOfCells isn't a property of a worksheet, it's an object variable which contains a reference to a specific block of cells. As you set the reference to the range before beginning the loop, it will refer to the cells on whichever worksheet is active when you begin running the procedure. One other small problem is that you can't successfully select a cell unless the worksheet to which the cell belongs is active. You can restructure your code in a variety of ways to solve this. Here's one possibility:

Sub ForEachSelect()

   Dim SingleWorksheet As Worksheet
Dim SingleCell As Range
Dim ListOfCells As Range

For Each SingleWorksheet In Worksheets

   SingleWorksheet.Select

   Set ListOfCells = Range("A1", Range("A1").End(xlDown))

For Each SingleCell In ListOfCells
SingleCell.Select
Next SingleCell

Next SingleWorksheet

End Sub

I hope that helps!

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